高丽人 | |
---|---|
总人口 | |
500,000 | |
分布地区 | |
乌兹别克斯坦 | 198,000[1] |
俄罗斯 | 125,000[1] |
哈萨克斯坦 | 105,000[1] |
吉尔吉斯斯坦 | 19,000[1] |
乌克兰 | 13,000[1] |
塔吉克斯坦 | 6,000[1] |
土库曼斯坦 | 3,000[1] |
语言 | |
高丽语、俄语 | |
宗教信仰 | |
东正教、新教、佛教、儒学 | |
相关族群 | |
朝鲜族、在韩国的俄罗斯人 |
高丽人(俄语:Корё сарам;朝鲜语:고려인/高丽人 或 朝鲜语:고려사람/高丽사람)或高丽族,是定居在原苏联地区之朝鲜族的总称。
朝鲜人最初出现在俄国是在1860年,他们因饥荒逃亡至满洲一带,最终来到俄罗斯帝国,有761个家庭,共5,310人。1907年统计有26,005人,1919年有63,409人。1923年106,817人。
苏联解体前,约有500,000高丽人定居,主要分布在是现今中亚地区已独立的国家中(哈萨克斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦),俄罗斯远东地区、俄罗斯南部、乌克兰、高加索一带也有分布。这个群体可以追溯至19世纪后期生活在俄罗斯滨海边疆区的咸镜北道朝鲜族。
另有一群库页岛朝鲜族生活于库页岛,其中一部分被认为是高丽人。相对于广大的俄罗斯内地,他们主要是19世纪末20世纪初直至20世纪30年代,被迫服务于日本三井设在库页岛的煤矿的劳工的后裔,其多数来自庆尚道与全罗道。当初这些人被用于填补二战劳工短缺,后定居于此。
他们出现在中亚是因斯大林怕他们与日本合作而从滨海边疆区强行发配至现今中亚地区(即高丽人集体流配事件),尤其是哈萨克斯坦接收的最多。苏联解体后,有部分高丽人返回俄罗斯远东地区或移居韩国。
参见
参考文献
引用
来源
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- Lee, Kwang-kyu, Overseas Koreans, Seoul: Jimoondang, 2000, ISBN 89-88095-18-9
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- 人口普查数据
- Первая всеобщая перепись населения Российской Империи 1897 г. (General Population Census of the Russian Empire in 1897), Demoscope.ru, [2007-05-20]
- Trosterud, Trond, Soviet censuses: Introduction to the census data, legend to the tables, and sources, Norway: University of Tromsø, 2000 [2009-12-01]
- Russian Census, Федеральная служба государственной статистики, 2002-10-09 [2006-07-26]
外部链接
- (俄文) [1]
- (俄文) Association of Scientific and Technological Societies Koreans (ANTOK)
- (俄文) CIS Koreans Information Web-Site of ARIRANG.RU
- (俄文) Lib.Ru: the Koreans
- (俄文) Tashkent Representation of the Institute of Asian Culture and Development (TP IAKR) — an Association of Koreans in Karakalpakstan.
- International Center for Korean Studies of Lomonosov Moscow State University[永久失效链接]
- Korean Scientific and Engineering Society (KAHAK)
- Koryo Saram: the Unreliable People (documentary film)
- Koryo Saram Resource of the Central Asian Fulbright Project