 | |
| 简称 | 拜克塔什/拜克塔什教团/拜克塔什主义 |
|---|---|
| 成立时间 | 1501 |
| 类型 | 德尔维希修会 |
| 总部 | 地拉那 |
德德巴巴 | 巴巴·蒙迪 |
重要人物 | |
拜克塔什教团（阿尔巴尼亚语：Tarikati Bektashi，土耳其语：Bektaşi Tarîkatı）是伊朗人哈吉·拜克塔什在十三世纪于安纳托利亚成立的苏菲主义教团，这一派不只在土耳其，也分布于阿尔巴尼亚和波士尼亚，是苏丹亲兵官方宗教（他们称自己为拜克塔什的士兵、拜克塔什的子孙）。信众多为在奥斯曼帝国时期改信的原东正教徒。尤其在阿尔巴尼亚、保加利亚、奥斯曼帝国伊庇鲁斯、克里特以及马其顿的希腊裔穆斯林中较为流行。
与一般苏菲教派有别，此派有强烈什叶派和民间信仰元素，他们特别尊敬阿里，认为穆罕默德与阿里是一人。
参见
延伸阅读
- Birge, John Kingsley (1937). The Bektashi order of dervishes, London and Hartford.
- Brown, John (1927), The Darvishes of Oriental Spiritualism.
- Küçük, Hülya (2002) The Roles of the Bektashis in Turkey’s National Struggle. Leiden: Brill.
- Mélikoff, Irène (1998). Hadji Bektach: Un mythe et ses avatars. Genèse et évolution du soufisme populaire en Turquie. Leiden: Islamic History and Civilization, Studies and Texts, volume 20, ISBN 90-04-10954-4.
- Shankland, David (1994). “Social Change and Culture: Responses to Modernization in an Alevi Village in Anatolia.”In C.N. Hann, ed., When History Accelerates: Essays on Rapid Social Change, Complexity, and Creativity. London: Athlone Press.
- Yaman, Ali (undated). "Kizilbash Alevi Dedes." (Based on his MA thesis for Istanbul University.)
- Vorhoff, Karin. (1998), “Academic and Journalistic Publications on the Alevi and Bektashi of Turkey.” In: Tord Olsson/Elizabeth Özdalga/Catharina Raudvere (eds.) Alevi Identity: Cultural, Religious and Social Perspectives, Istanbul: Swedish Research Institute, pp. 23–50.
参考文献
- ↑ Encyclopedia Iranica, "BEKTĀŠĪYA"
- ↑ Encyclopedia Iranica, "ḤĀJĪ BEKTĀŠ"
- ↑ ʿALĪ AL-AʿLĀ (d. 822/1419), also known as Amīr Sayyed ʿAlī, principal successor of Fażlallāh Astarābādī, founder of the Ḥorūfī sect.
- ↑ Encyclopedia Iranica, "ASTARĀBĀDĪ, FAŻLALLĀH" (d. 796/1394), founder of the Ḥorūfī religion, H. Algar